Turbine-driven rotary pump



raisaiea nee. raises.

FRANZ LAW'AGZECK, OF ING. GERMANY, ASSIG-NOR TO WORTHINGTON PUMP ANDMACHINERY CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORYPORATION OF VIR- GINIA.

TURBINE-DRIVEN ROTARY PUMP.

Application filed August 29, 1321, Serial No. 496.548, and in GermanyJune 3, 1915. Renewed December has to be admitted into the turbine willbe in comparison with the quantity of water taken in and raised by thepump. It is known that the water admitted into the turbine, afterexpending its force, also has to be raised by the pump. On account ofthe high pressure of the 'impelling Water of the turbine, which was veryliable to result in exceedingly great friction between the rotor and thewater, the usual practice has been to construct the turbine for a numberof pressure stages,'espccially because the most favorable speed ofrevolution of a single-stage turbine adapted for such high pressureswould be much too high for a directly coupled pump, particularly if itshead were small.

But a multi-stagre arrangement. on account of the partitions between thevarious divisions and their close jo nts at the shaft, makes theconstruction of the entire machine unit so complicated and its takingapart and examination so ditlicult that a unit of this kind' could notbe used in places that are difficult of access.

In accordance with one feature of the inrention these drawbacks areremoved by constructing the high-pressure turbine in the form of asingle-stage machine mounted on a common shat-t with the pump rotor,which latter is provided with spiral channels so that, even at highspeeds of revolution, it will still raise the desired comparativelylarge quantities of water without producing undesirable high pressures.went provides the important advantage whereby. after removing the coverof the casing, the entire rotor of the machine unit can easily be takenout and examined.

As these pumps are frequently installed in low rooms which'are diflicultof access it is lurcessary to provide them with means for Thisarrangebalancing the axial thrust occurring; in them which is reliablein operation and. requires no looking after. The automatic arrangementsordinarily employed for balancing axial thrust have hitherto beenimperfect on account of the small surfaces and particularly the smallpressures available for this purpose. These shortcomings are entirelyovercome by the present invention by its enabling the pressure used fordriving the turbine. i.- e. water under high pressure, to be so"employed for the purpose of balancin the said axial pressures. For thepurpose 0 controlling even the greatest axial thrust that is liable tooccur it is possible in addition to employing the admission pressureacting on the one side of the turbine or pump, to make the waterpressure in the gap at the other side operate a second automaticarrangement for balancing axial thrust.

Another feature of the invention consists 7 in making pumps of the saidkind that are difficult of access self-starting by conducting the waterdischarged from the turbine straight into the suction space of thecentrifugal pump so as to fill this space with water and cause the pumpto start delivering in a very short time.

By th s arrangement and particularly it the machine unit is madeself-lubricating by causing theimpelling water of the turbine to 89 passthrough its bearings, the combined pump and its power machine are unitedinto a unit which is so simple and easy to convey that it is suitablefor a great variety of uses that were outside of the province ofcentrifuaal pumps, which, up to present, have always been stationary andnot self-starting. For example the new machine unit can be conveniently.connected to hose used for ex tinguishing tires in the same way as anozzle 90 is joined to a hydrant by means of a hose. The novel, simplemachine may also be used on ships as a main or auxiliary bilge pump, orin mines as a mud pump in which latter case water under pressure istaken from the main mine pump and the impelling water discharged fromthe turbine is conducted into the blades of the pump rotor in order topumpl pregent them from being choked up by the mu A constructional formof the invention is illustrated in the drawing in which- Fig. 1 is avertical section through the centre of the machine unit,

Fig. 2 shows a View of the pump rotor with its spiral channels and Fig.3 is a view of the closed machine.

The machine unit shown in the drawing is constructed in the form of abilge pump with a vertical shaft 10. The turbine 11 in the upper part ofthe casing receives impelling water under a high pressure through theinlet conduit 12 which leads into the annular chamber 13. The impellingwater. before entering the rotor 11, passes through guide" channels 14.The water leaving, or discharged from, the turbine may be conducted inthe pressure space 15. But in order to make the centrifugal pumpself-startin the discharged water is conducted in the illustratedmachine through an annular channel 16 into the suction space 17 of thecentrifugal pump. By this means it is made to fill this suction chamberand thus soon enables the pump to commence drawing water from below.

To increase the suctional effect of the water discharged from theturbine 11 into the suction pipe 17 of the pump the direction of thedischarging mouth 18 of the channel 16 is made such that the waterissuing from .the said mouth 18 and passing into the pump blades'orchannels flows in the same direction as the water current sucked in bythe pump. The suctional etiect of the water dis charged from the turbinethen supplements the sucking action of the pump.

To render it unnecessary to look after the machine unit the waterdischarged from the turbine 11 is used for lubricating the bearings 19of the shaft 10. The water employed for this purpose may be conducted tothe bearings through a passage orpassages 20. By this arrangement thepump can run without hazard in air until the suction pipe 17 is filledwith water and the pump commences delivering. As the wateruscd fordriving the turbine is generally clean it may be employed for preventingthe channels 2-1 of the from becoming clogged in cases in whic the waterto be pumped is muddy. To this end the clean water discharged from theturbine may be conducted straight into the blades or channels 21 of thepump.

In order to enable the pump to yield a. large output with a small headand yet to run at a high speed, the blades 21 of the pump rotor 22 arepreferably made screw or spiral shaped as indicated in Fig. 2. By usinga single-stage turbine 11 directly coupled with the pump rotor 22 themachine casing 23 may be constructed in such a manner that when thecover 24. is removed the whole revolvingpart, i. e. the shaft 10together with'the turbine rotor 11 and the pump rotor 22, may be liftedout in its entirety.

As will be seen from Fig. 1, this convenicnt removal of the rotatingpart of the machine is possible even in the case of a pump rotor 29.whose outside diameter is greater than that of the turbine 11. In suchcases the admission channel 13 for introducingimpelling water under ahigh pressure and the guide members 1 1 of the turbine, and all otherparts of the casing whose diameters are smaller than that'of the pumprotor 22, are arranged in the cover The axial thrust which. particularlyin hi h-speed pumps. is often very considerable, is counteracted inaccordance with the invention by an automatic balancing contrivaneewhich, instead of being fed in the ordinary way with water underpressure taken from the gap between the rotor and stator of the pump, isfed with water under high pressure from the conduit leading into theturbine. The axial thrust counterbalancing device itself may be made indifferent ways. Two types of this device are employed in the machineillustrated, although one type will often be sutlicicnt.

Impelling water at a high pressure is led from the admission chamber 13of the turblue 11 through a channel .25 situated within (or if need bewithout) the machine casing 23 and caused to impinge upon or pressagainst the lower surface of the peripheral portion 26 of the pumprotor. The water under pressure, on its way to the counterbalancingchamber 28 in which it operates to lift the rotor, is preferably made topass through an exchangeable nozzle 27 by which the quantity of waterrequired for obtaining the counter-balancing or lifting ell'ect may beregulated at will. The peripheral ring 26 is adapted to form two gaps at29 between the rotor and the casing 23. The more these gaps 29 arewidened the more water will ttow out from the counterbalancing chamber28 into the pressure space 15 and the suction space 17 of the pump andthe axial thrust from above to below will then predominate. whereby thesize of the regulating gaps 25) will be decreased. Finally a pressurewill he produced in the counterlialancing chamber 28 by which the etfectof the axial thrust of the rotor is counterbalanced.

The etl'ect of the couuterbalancing device that acts upon the undersideof the pump rotor may be supplemented by another thrust balancing devicewhich acts upon the surfaces of the turbine rotor, particularly thelower surface30 of this rotor. To this end the impelling water underhigh pressure is made-to flow through a passage 31 into the narrowcounter-balancing chamber 32-which is closed more or less by cylindricaljoint 33 and a Variable gap 34 that acts like the gaps 29. In additionto this 'counterbalancing arrangement, operated by impelling water underhigh pressure, another axial thrust counterbalancing device ma bearranged in accordance with the invention at the upper surface 35 of theturbine rotor 11 and this latter device may be supplied with a part ofthe impelling water from the admission gap between the turbine rotorblades and the stationary rotor guide blades. In the illustratedconstructional form of the invention the Water from the said admissiongap flows throughthe cylindrical joint 36 into the up-.

per counterbalancing chamber. 37 and after exerting pressure upon thepressure surface it passes throu h the variable gap 38,

whose throttling e ect changes as the shaft is shifted, and through theshort passage 39 into the annular passage 16 that leads into the suctionspace of the pump. In cases-in which the thrust balancing devicecomprises both a lower thrust balancing device acting .on the lowersurface'31 of the turbine rotor and operated bythe water under pressuretaken from the admission chamber 13, and

an upper thrust balancing device acting 'on- Y at the turbine rotor 11is particularly advantageous in cases in which. contrarv to thearrangement shown in the drawing the pump rotor 22 is of smallerdiameter than the turbine rotor 11.

, If the three illustrated axial thrust balancing devices are all usedtogether it will be found preferable to arrange a part of the balancingdevice that acts on the lower side of the rotor 11 inan intermediatepiece 40 because this will make it easier to take the inachineto pieces.

It will now be obvious that by the novel and peculiar combination of apropellin turf. bine with a centrifugalpump illustrate and describedherein a comparatively small, light machine unit is obtained in whichall the active forces are mutually counterbalanced.

Therefore there is no necessity for fixing the machine on a floor orseat and'a very light portable machine unit results.-

' .as shown in Fig. 3 in such a way that their flanges or hoseconnection members do not project beyond the parts of greatest dia mcter of the casing, as for example the flanges 43 in the constructionalform of machine illustrated in the accompanying drawing. In order tokeep the connecting neck 41 withfloor the two flanges 43 are made equalin diameter.

To further simplify the taking apart of' the machine unit the rotor ofthe turbine is preferably joined to the pump rotor by means of a screwthread 44, Fig, 1, which tends to screw in tighter when the propellingforce of the turbine is applied. A connection of this kind necessitatesno special securing or fixing means, because the direction of rotationof the turbine can ,never be reversed. By this manner of joining therotors the keys which are ordinarily used to transfer the torque of theturbine to the main shaft of the machine, and then again from this SYNshaft to the rotor of the driven machine,may

be dispensed with. In some cases the shaft connecting the two rotors maybe entirely done away with and the rotors may be ar-, ranged ,-to rotateon' short pivots protruding from their upper and lower ends.

The thread 44 should have ample play and the centering of the two rotors11 and 22 may be accomplished by means of thecylindrical parts 45, 46.

I claim: 4 y

1. A -machine unit comprising, a casing containing a single-stagehigh-pressure water-impelled turbine with ,its bladed rotor directlycoupled to a rotary pump having a rotor with spiral water-impellingchannels, whereby large quantities of water can beraised to any lowheight without throttle de? vices in spite of a high speed of revolutionof the said rotors, and means for balancing the thrust of the rotorcomprising passagesv whereby the impelling'water of the turbineautomatically acts upon the pump rotor at the part where its diameter isgreatest.

2. A machine unit comprising, a casing rotor with spiral water-impellingchannels,

whereby large quantities of water can be raised to any low hei htwithout throttle evices in spite of a high speed of revolution of thesaid rotors, and a thrust balancing arrangement comprising a primarythrush balancing device adapted to be operated by impellingwater'takenfrom the point'of its admission into the turbine, and a secondarythrust-balancing arrangement adapted to be operated by water taken fromthe gap be tween the turbine rotor and its stator.

3. A machine unit comprising, a casing containing a single-stagehigh-pressure turbine with its rotor directly coupled to.a rotary pumphaving a rotor with spiral water-impelling channels, whereby largequantities of water can be raised to any low height without throttledevices in spite of a high speed of revolution of the said rotors, asuction conduit associated with the pump, and passages for conductingthe impelling water discharged from thqturbine into the suction condult.

4. A machine unit comprising, a casing containing a single-stagehigh-pressure water-impelled turbine with its rotor directly coupled toa rotary pump having a rotor with spiral water-impelling channels,whereby large quantities of water can be raised to any low heightwithout throttle device; in spite of a high speed of revolution of thesaid rotors, and means for balancing the thrust of the 'rotor comprisingpassages I whereby the impelling water of the turbine automatically actsupon the pump rotor at the part where its d ameter 1s greatest, asuction conduit associated with the pump,

' and passa es for conducting the impelling water disc liarged from theturbine into the suction conduit.

5. A machine unit comprising, a casing containing a single-stagehigh-pressure turbine with its rotor directly coupled to a rotary pumphavln a rotor with spiral waterimpelling channe s, whereby largequantities of water-can be raised to any low height without throttledevices in spite of a high speed of revolution of the said rotors, rotorbearings in the said casing, and pasiages for conducting the impellingwater discharged from the turbine into the said bearings.

6. A machine unit comprising, a casing containing a single-stagehigh-pressure water-impelled turbine with its rotor directly coupled toa, rotary pump having a rotor with spiral water-impelling channels,whereby large quantities of water can be ra sed to any low heightwithout throttle devices in spite of a high speed of revolution of thesaid rotors, and means for balancing the thrust of the rotor comprisingpassages whereby the impelling water of the turbine automatically actsupon the pump rotor at the part where its diameter is greatest, rotorbearings in the said casing, and passages for conducting the impellingwater discharged from the turbine into the said bearin s.

7. A machine unit comprising, a casing containing a single-stagehigh-pressure turbine with'its rotor directly coupled to a rotary pumphaving a rotor with spiral wator-impelling channels, whereby largequantities of water can be raised to any low he ght without throttledevices in spite of a high speed of'revolution of the said rotors, and-apassage for conducting impelling water discharged from the turbine intothe said'spiral water-impelling channels of the pump.

containing a single-stage high-pressure water impelledturbine with itsrotor directly coupled toa rotary pump having a rotor with spiralwater-impelling channels,.whereby large quantities of water can beraised to any low height without throttle devices in spite of a highspeed ofrevolution of the said rotors, and means for balancing thethrust of "the rotor comprising passages whereby the impelling water ofthe turbine automatically acts upon the pump rotor at the part where itsdiameter is greatest, and a passage for conducting impelling waterdischarged from the turbine into the said spiral water-impellingchannels of the pump 9: A machine unit comprising, a casing containing asingle-stage high-pressure turubine with its rotor directly coupled to aromachine unit comprising, a casing tary pump havin" a rotor with spiralwaterimpelling channels, whereby large quantities of water can be raisedto any low height without throttle devices in spite of a high speed ofrevolution of the said rotors, and

a passage for conductin impelling water discharged from the turbine intothe said spiral water-impelling channels of the pump, the mouth of thesaid passage being adapted to lead out the said discharged water in thedirection of flow of the main current of water impelled by the pump,whereby its sucking effect .is increased.

10. A machine unit comprising, a casing containing a single-stage highpressure water-impelled turbine with its .rotor directly coupled to arotary pump having a rotor with spiral water-impelling channels, wherebylarge quantities of water can be raised to any low height withoutthrottle devices in spite of a high speed of revolution of the saidrotors, and means for balancing the thrust of the rotor comprisingpassages whereby the impelling water of the turbine automatically actsupon the pump rotor at the. part where its diameter is greatest, and apassage for conducting impelling water discharged from the turbine intothe said spiral water-impelling channels of the pump, the mouth of thesaid passage being adapted to lead out the said discharged water in thedirection of flow of the main current of water impelled by the pump,whereby its sucking effect is increased.

11. A machine unit comprising, a casing containing a high-pressurewater-impelled turbine with its bladed rotor directly coupled to arotary pump adapted for a high speed of revolution, and means forbalancing the thrust of the rotor comprising passages whereby theimpelling water of the turbine automatically acts upon the pump rotor atthe part where greatest.

12. A machine unit-comprising, a casing containing a high-pressurewater-impelled its diameter is' turbine with its bladed rotor dir'ectly-cou-' a high speed of revolution, and means for balancing the thrust ofthe rotor comprising passages whereby the impelling water of the turbineautomatically acts upon the pump rotor at the part Where its diameter iseatest, a snction'conduit associated wit the pump, and passages forconducting the impelling water discharged from-the turbine into thesuction conduit. v K I 14. A-machine unit comprising, a casingcontaining a high-pressure turbine with its 1 rotor directlycoupled to arotary pum having a rotor adapted for a high s cod 0 =revolution, rotorhearings in the said casing, and passages for conductin the impellingwater discharged from t e turbine into the said bearings. I

15; A machine unit comprising, a casing containing .a high-pressureturbine with its rotor directly coupled to a rotary pump having a rotorwith spiral water'impelling channels, and a passage for conductingimpelling water discharged from the turbine into the said spiralwater-impelling channels of the pump.

0 a n I u '16. A machine un1t comprising, a casing containing ahigh-pressure turbine with its rotor directly coupled to a rotary pumphavv ing a rotor with spiral water-impelling channels, and a passage forconducting impelling water discharged from the turbine into the saidspiral water-impelling channels of the pump, the mouth of the-saidpassage being adapted to lead out the said discharged water in thedirection of flow of the main current of water impelled by thepump,whereby its sucking effect is increased.

17. A machine unit comprising, a casingcontaining a high-pressureturbine with its rotor directly coupled to arotary pump having a rotorwith Water-impelling channels, and a passage for conducting impellingwater discharged from the turbine into the said water-lmpellingvchannelsof the pump. I 18. A machlnelunit comprising, a casing containing ahigh-pressure turbine with its ,rotor directly coupled to a rotary pumplaving a rotor with water-impelling channels,'and a passage forconducting impelling water discharge from the turbine into' the saidwater-nnpelling channels of the pump,

the mouth of the said passage being adapted tolead out the saiddischarged water in the direction of flow of the main current of waterimpelled by the pump, whereby its sucking eflect is increased.

In testimony whereof I have signed this spec fication.

FRANZ LAWACZECK.

